Molarity
Calculate mol/L from moles or from mass and molar mass.
Chemistry Calculator
Solution Concentration Calculator
Calculate molarity, mass concentration, percentage solutions, and dilution values with automatic metric unit conversions and clearly explained steps.
Instant results
Multiple units
Step-by-step method
Calculate solution concentration
Select a calculation type and enter your known values.
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Your molarity result will appear here.
Enter the known values and select Calculate.
Enter the known values and select Calculate.
Enter values
Your mass concentration will appear here.
Enter mass and final solution volume.
Enter mass and final solution volume.
Enter values
Your percentage concentration will
appear here.
Select the percentage type and enter both quantities.
Select the percentage type and enter both quantities.
Enter three known values
Your dilution result will appear here.
The calculator uses C1V1 = C2V2.
The calculator uses C1V1 = C2V2.
Calculator benefits
One tool for common solution calculations
Use the calculator for classroom exercises, laboratory planning, formulation checks, and concentration conversions.
Mass concentration
Convert mass-per-volume results into common laboratory units.
Percent solutions
Calculate % w/v, % v/v, and % w/w using compatible units.
Dilution
Solve any one unknown in the C1V1 = C2V2 relationship.
What is solution concentration?
Solution concentration describes the quantity of a dissolved substance, called the solute, relative to a specified amount of solution. The most useful expression depends on the application. Chemistry laboratories often use molarity, environmental testing commonly uses mg/L, and product formulations may use percentage concentration.
Molarity formula
M = n ÷ V
In this formula, M is molarity in mol/L, n is the amount of solute in moles, and V is the final solution volume in liters. When mass is known instead of moles, first use n = m ÷ Mm, where m is mass in grams and Mm is molar mass in g/mol.
Mass concentration formula
Mass concentration = solute mass ÷ solution volume
For example, dissolving 250 mg of a substance to make 0.5 L of solution gives a mass concentration of 500 mg/L.
Percentage concentration formulas
| Type | Formula | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| % w/v | (solute mass ÷ solution volume) × 100 | Grams per 100 mL of solution |
| % v/v | (solute volume ÷ solution volume) × 100 | Milliliters per 100 mL of solution |
| % w/w | (solute mass ÷ solution mass) × 100 | Grams per 100 g of solution |
Dilution formula
C1V1 = C2V2
Dilution lowers concentration by adding solvent while conserving the amount of solute. Use concentration units from the same family and volume units from the same family. The calculator handles supported metric prefixes automatically.
Important practical distinction
“Final solution volume” is not always the same as the volume of solvent added. To prepare 100 mL of a solution, the usual method is to dissolve the solute and then add solvent until the total solution reaches 100 mL.
Laboratory note:
Verify chemical identity, purity, hydration state,
significant figures, equipment calibration,
compatibility, and safety instructions before preparing
any real solution.
How it works
Calculate concentration in three steps
The calculator converts your entries into base units before applying the selected formula.
1
Select a method
Choose molarity, mass concentration, percentage concentration, or dilution.
2
Enter known values
Add the quantities you know and select the correct units from each menu.
3
Review the result
See the final answer, formula substitution, converted values, and calculation steps.
FAQs
Solution concentration questions
Answers to common questions about molarity, percentages, and dilution calculations.
Solution concentration shows how much solute is present in a specified amount of solution. Common expressions include molarity, mass concentration, percentage concentration, molality, and mole fraction.
Molarity equals moles of solute divided by the final solution volume in liters. The formula is M = n / V.
Yes. Divide the solute mass by its molar mass to obtain moles, then divide those moles by the final solution volume in liters.
A 5% w/v solution contains 5 grams of solute in every 100 milliliters of final solution.
Mass concentration is the mass of solute divided by the final solution volume. It is commonly reported in g/L, mg/L, or mg/mL.
The standard dilution formula is C1V1 = C2V2, where the initial concentration and volume are related to the final concentration and volume.
For dilution calculations, the two concentration values must represent the same type of concentration. This calculator converts supported metric prefixes automatically.
No. Use it to plan or verify calculations, but also check chemical purity, hydrate form, final-volume technique, significant figures, calibration, and safety procedures.